Michael Billington, a theater critic for The Guardian, ranks from worst to best all of the plays of William Shakespeare. He identifies 35 of them, but scholars dispute that number, raising higher or lower due to the Bard's collaboration with author writers. The Two Noble Kinsmen, for example, co-written with John Fletcher, is sometimes described as a Fletcher play because that man may have composed the majority of it.

Several years ago, I read and watched all of Shakespeare's plays. There is good reason why some, such as Macbeth, are considered classics and others, such as Timon of Athens, are rarely staged.

Billington's lower ranks are not surprising (although I would place The Merchant of Venice much higher), his selection for #1 is.

-via Kottke

Two guys who go by the name Taste Buds came up with the most enjoyable (to produce) YouTube series imaginable. They embarked on a quest to try the food of every country in the world, without leaving New York City! They pick countries pretty much at random and go to a different restaurant every week. Does New York City have a restaurant from all of the 195 nations on their list? They've found 21 so far, and we haven't seen any evidence that they've ever picked a country that's not represented by some eatery. 

At each restaurant, they explain their project and get the VIP treatment. They ask questions about the cuisine while they eat their way through several dishes and quite a few drinks. It would take a week to recover from such excess. I'm quite envious. The last time I was in New York, I managed to eat from a non-American cuisine for every meal, but it was only for a few days (I've done the same in Washington, DC). Now I'm craving Hungarian goulash, but I'll have to make it myself.   

You can see videos from all 21 restaurants so far at YouTube. -via Laughing Squid 

If you know anything about General Hideki Tojo, it's that he commanded the Japanese military during World War II. He rose through the ranks to become commander of the army, and also served as Japan's prime minister from October 1941 to July 1944. Tojo was thrown out of office a year before the war ended, and was retired in Setagaya, Tokyo, when Americans came to arrest him in on September 11, 1945. 

Tojo didn't plan to give them the satisfaction. He shot himself in the chest as they approached his house. But the bullet missed his heart, and Tojo was saved by the ultimate indignity- blood transfusions from American donors. The general was then kept in prison for months and went on trial for war crimes, which lasted another three months. During this time, Tojo received complete medical care, including dentures to replace his rotten teeth. He refused a full set, since he knew he would ultimately be executed, but the dentures he received included another indignity from the Americans, in the form of a Morse code message embedded in them. Read about his life, arrest, and the words that Americans put in Tojo's mouth at Utterly Interesting. 

(Image credit: SMU Central University Libraries) 

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most deadly cancers, with a 13% survival rate at five years. But the ability of scientists to custom-design therapeutic vaccines using mRNA technology may change that. A trial from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center enrolled 16 patients with pancreatic cancer. After surgery, material from their individual tumors was studied to design an mRNA vaccine specifically for them, which could teach their bodies to recognize the exact cancerous cells that made up the tumor, wherever they occurred in the body. The vaccines were used alongside standard treatments of immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Of those 16 patients, half showed responses to the vaccines by producing more of certain kinds of T-cells. 

Six years later, only two of the eight patients whose bodies did not respond to the vaccines are still alive. But seven of the eight who produced more T-cells have survived! This is a remarkable finding, since cancer cells are the body's own cells, and finding the slight difference between what the immune system should attack and what it should not is a major undertaking. Even more fine-tuning of the customized vaccines may raise the success rate. As it is, those involved want to expand trials to more patients. Read more about this research at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. -via kottke   

(Image credit: Miguel Tremblay) 

The long-awaited Coyote vs Acme is finally going to see the light of day. Based on a 1990 story, the film is a combination of animation and live action, and it's a courtroom drama. The Coyote, after untold disappointments in their products, is suing the Acme corporation. As you might guess, not all the action takes place in the courtroom, because it wouldn't be the Coyote we know without a lot of destructive chaos. 

Warner Bros. seemed to be against this film from the start. First, they put limitations on their cartoon characters. Then they declined to move ahead with the movie. Years later, they approved a different script. Coyote vs Acme was completed, and got great reviews from anyone at previews or test screenings. However, in 2023, Warner Bros. announced it would not be released, drawing a lot of backlash from fans. They later said it could be released if the producers could find another distributor, but they also demanded too much money from anyone willing. Finally, in 2025, Ketchup Entertainment got a deal. Coyote vs Acme will open in theaters on August 28.  -via Metafilter 

Kent is a craftsman in Japan who makes hats that look loaves of bread, cakes, and other foods.

There are practical uses for brassieres. For example, if a horse suffers an eye injury and the owner needs an eye patch in a hurry, a bra wrapped around the horse's head will suffice. One horse rescue operation suggests, perhaps jokingly, that a bra can protect a horse from eye damage during solar eclipses. When an emergency strikes, you've got to think outside the cup.

-via Lunar & Sunny | Photo: Enck's Training

We don't know exactly what's going on in someone else's mind, but we can take a guess based on their behavior. That goes for primitive species like worms with few neurons, up through animals with many neurons, to humans, who have taken the concept of "mind" a lot further. Yet we still don't know where to draw the line on which animals have "minds" as we think of them. Heck, we can't even define "mind" as opposed to sentience, self-awareness, and consciousness. 

Humans, with the most complex of all brains, have managed to use our collection of neurons to develop and understand higher concepts like empathy, morality, art, fiction, prediction, language and math, long-term planning, and civilization itself. We've become pretty good at telling others what's on our minds, although we still cannot totally experience the way someone else thinks. Kurzgesagt gives us a brief tour of how brains differ between species and how more complex brains work. There's an ad from 4:44 to 6:00. The video ends at 10:42. 

"Shrapnel" is a war term for broken pieces of a bomb or mortar that rip through a human body at a high speed and cause all kinds of damage. It sounds like it evolved from "scrap," but it actually comes from Lieutenant-General Henry Scrope Shrapnel of the British Army. Oh, was Shrapnel the first person to be wounded by shrapnel? No, he more or less invented it. 

In 1784, Shrapnel began experimenting with making artillery infinitely more damaging (on his own time and his own dime), and invented a cannonball that was also a bomb filled with round bullets, or shot. The bomb's fuse was timed to explode when the projectile neared its target. He called it a "spherical case shot," but soldiers called it a "Shrapnel shell." They rained havoc on uncounted personnel during World War I. 

As artillery was improved and became even more deadly, the Shrapnel shell was discontinued. But the pieces of shell that ripped through soldiers' bodies became known as shrapnel, and the term stuck. -Thanks, WTM! 

In years past, farmers in the Landes department of southwestern France moved through marshlands on stilts that kept them dry and able to see greater distances. The performing group Lous Cadetouns preserves that tradition through dances. These carefully choreographed events involve top tier athletes moving acrobatically and synchronized to create engagingly graceful displays.

-via The Awesomer

Since its introduction in 1978, the Milton Bradley board game Hungry Hungry Hippos has terrorized two generations of children. Who among us has not woken from nightmares, drenched in sweat and vomit, after revisiting childhood days spent playing the game?

Now we can return to the horror by watching the upcoming film Hungry by Aura Entertainment. It shows a group of tourists on a tour of a Louisiana swamp. Unbeknownst to them, there is a new apex predator in the waters.

I hope that the world's most famous hippopotamus, Moo Deng, was able to secure at least a cameo role in this film.

-via Gizmodo

The Texians' dreams of independence from the tyranny of Santa Anna seemed hopeless. The well-organized and equipped Mexican army had shattered the formations of the Texian settlers who were in full flight.

General Sam Houston led a retreat of his small force almost to the border with the United States. The Texians, who numbered only 910 men, were running out of room to retreat further. They were also out of patience and eager to strike at their enemies.

Don't call a plumber! All you need to unclog a stubborn drain is something you already have around the house ...eggs! Lots and lots of eggs. By the time you get to the end of this tutorial, you'll start to fear an egg shortage. Or maybe this guy has his own chicken coop and few neighbors to give eggs to. But at least, you'll be slightly entertained.  

The YouTube channel HowToBasic (previously at Neatorama) most often gives us recipes, with similar results, but this time they went in another direction. This has to be a riff on those ads you see about why you should put oil in your toilet or aluminum foil on your door knobs. I still don't know those things because I am well aware that if I click on the ad, I'll be led down a 45-page primrose path of more ads. At least this video gets to the point quickly. -via Boing Boing

Thirty years ago yesterday, the movie Mystery Science Theater 3000: The Movie opened in theaters. You might not remember it at all, because it went to video after a short theater run that made a million dollars against a $5 million production budget. What happened? 

In the '90s, getting into theaters was the ultimate goal for any entertainment franchise. MST3K had been on TV for eight years, and had built a following of loyal fans. Why not make the leap to the big screen? But then they had to deal with Hollywood producers, who wanted all the jokes to appeal to a mainstream audience, and MST3K's success was due to the show being completely out of the mainstream. There were other factors that make the movie difficult that you can read at Inverse. Despite the lost money, the movie wasn't really a disaster, and fans now consider it a pretty good TV episode.

The Golden Age of Hollywood came about when synchronized dialogue came to theaters and there were five big studios cranking out fantasies for the masses. One of the benefits of the industry being centered in southern California was the access to many types of locations. In 1927, Paramount Studios developed this location map showing what California landscapes could be used for faraway movie settings. No need to send a cast and crew overseas to recreate the Sahara Desert or a South Sea island! The audiences wouldn't know the difference, since they'd never been to those places.   

But do these locations really resemble what they portrayed? Peter Atwood found photographs of the California spots labeled on the map and constructed another map with them. How plausible they are depends on how familiar you are with the real location. The picture of "Kentucky" looks like nothing I've seen in the state; your mileage may vary. Of course, in the 21st century, movie budgets often allow for shipping an entire production overseas, which can actually be cheaper than filming in California. See the two maps together here. -via kottke